Absorption refrigerating machine



April 16, 1940. R] I 2,197,001

' ABSORPTION REFRIGERATiNG MACHINE Filed Feb. 25, 1959 I .3 Sheets-Sheet].

fnv'enior GUIDQ M Fu u R I April 16, 1940.

G. MAIURI v ABSORPTION REFRIGERATING MACHINE Filed Feb. 25, l939 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 PITTORNELfl Patented 16, 1940.

- UNITED STATES.

ATENT OFFICE" 2,197,091 ABSORPTION anrmoana'rme mcnmn Guido mum, Aldwych, London, England Application February 2:, 1939, Serial No. 258,855

In Great Britain January 11, 1988 8 ohms. I .(cl. 62-119 tion of the machine as a whole is utilisedthrough the medium of counterweights to raise the pressure of the absorption liquor from the absorber and evaporator pressure to the generator andcondenserpressure.

For the above purpose, according'to theinvention, an entirely sealed absorption refrigerating machine is rotatably mountedand the absorption liquor is raised in pressure anddelivered from the-absorber to the generator of the ma-i' chine by a pump rendered effective'by'the rotation of the machine relatively to a counterweight.

The absorption liquor can, berais'ed in pressure and delivered from the'absorber to the generator by centrifugal force engendered by the rotation of the machine and centripetal displacement un-" der'kinetic energy of the centrifugal liquor, by a scoop held against rotation by a'counterweight,

which is encountered by and conductstowards the axis of rotation, the centrifugally projected and rotated liquor. Centrifugal and centripetal displacement of the'liquor can be re-eflected aplurality of times designed to raise the liquor to the desired pressure, namely to the pressure of the generator.

bodying theinvention is illustrated, somewhat accompanying drawings, in which; I. H

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal or, axial section of the entiremachine,

diagrammatically and by way of example, on the I Fig, 2 is a cross section of the generator, on.

the line r-zfor Fig. 1. p

Fig. 3 isa cross section of the liquor pump, on the line Hof'Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a section of a de n of the liquor pump on a larger scale. I

Fig. 5 is a cross section of the absorber, on the line 5-"5 of Fig.1.

56 Fig. 6 is an axial section showing a centrifugal ripheral wall d.

A rotary absorption refrigerating machine. em: a

fan embodied with the evaporator-of the ma chine,and

Fig. 7 is 'a cross section thereof on the line 1-4 'of Fig. 6.

The entire absorption refrigerating machine is 5 rotatably mounted in bearings a, and is rotated in a clockwise direction as viewed from the left of Fig. 1, by a belt b, enwrapping a pulley c.

The generator of the machine consists of a cylindrical drum d. The drum d has an outer peripheral wall 11 and an inner peripheral wall (1 separated by an annular space it partially occupied by a liquid, such as water.

The liquid in the annular space d? arranges itself 'as a thin layer against the inner surface of the outer peripheral wall d and. is heated by the flame of a burner d The vapour from the liquid- .in the annular space 11 heats and becomes condensed-against the outer surface of the inner peripheral wall d, and heats absorption liquor 20 contained in the cylindrical space within and centrifugally held against the inner'peripheral wall d and drives ofi refrigerant vapour from suchliquor. a

The liquor is maintained at a given depth in 25 the generator d by means of a float e which is mounted on an arm e fast on a sleevee journalled 'on a hollow journal e extending parallel to the axis of rotation and close to the inner pemunicatesat one end with anoutlet pipe I and is closed at the other end. The sleeve e and the hollow'journal e are perforated and the perforations coincide when the float e has been angularly displaced by its buoyancy, from the position 35 shown, to bring the perforations into coincidence, whereupon the liquor can flow out'of the. drum along the pipe I. As usuaL'rich liquor is supplied to the generator and refrigerant vapour is driven off therefrom by heat and the so-impoverished 40 liquor-is forced out of the generator by the pressure of the driven-off vapour.

The float e returns under centrifugal force aided by a spring e*, to close the perforations.

- The weak liquor passes from the pipe 1 into the 45 outer tubular member of a coaxial heat-exchanger coil 9. Thence the" weak liquor traverses an air cooled coiled pipe h and eventually is delivered into an absorber i by a central perforated pipe h Therefrigerant vapour driven off in the generator d passes by a hollow journal adjacent to the rotary generator drum d, to a pipe 70 which isconnected to a peripheral pipe coil k constituting the condenser of the machine. From This hollow journal e com- 30 filled with brine which it cools and which can be used for cooling purposes in the usual manner.

Refrigerant vapour from the evaporator n passes along the interior of the hollow journal l to the above mentioned absorber i.

The absorber i consists of a drum traversed axially by several concentric annular series of open-ended tubes i Each of these series of tubes i} supports a wire gauze; cylinder i the.

. mesh of the gauze being progressively smaller the nearer thegauze is locatedto the periphery of the absorber drum 1'. I

o are fan blades which bythe rotation of the machine-draw air through the tubes 1' .and thereby cool the absorber 1'. These fan blades 0 are mounted at the periphery of an annular free space 0 into which the tubes i lead, and comprised between the respective radial wall of the absorber drum 2' and a radial partition disc 1).

The liquor enriched in the absorber i passes therefrom under the suction of a centrifugal and centripetal pumping device, now to be described, by a pipe q into a drum q oh the side of the partition disc p remote from the fan space 0 a The liquor is extracted from the drum why a scoop-ended pipe 1 rotatably mounted about the axis of the machine and'maintained against rotation by a counterweight r and presenting its scoop end opposed to the direction of rotation.

, This scoop pipe 1' communicates at the axis of the machine with a radial pipe s rotating with,

- the machine and in which by centrifugal force the liquor is carried to the periphery of a drum chamber t From the periphery of the drum chamber t the liquor is scooped and conveyed to the axis of the machine by a scoop pipe u rotatably fugally by rotating P pes 8 and s in drum chambers t and t and centripetally by scoop pipes u and-n maintained stationary by counterweights 12* 0 whereby the liquor is raised in pressure to the generator pressure.

The scoop pipe u of the last centrifugal pumping chamber t is conected by a pipe w and delivers the rich liquor to the inner tubular member of the above-mentioned heat-exchanger coil 9. The other end of the inner member of the heat-exchanger coil 9 is connected to a pipe .1: which extends through the hollow journal 7' and terminates in a radial pipe which delivers the rich liquor into the generator drum :2.

The multi-stage centrifugal pump-shouldbe progressively heated so that the vapour pressure of the pumped rich liquorremains at each stage approximately equal to the mechanically generated pressure, otherwise the pressure mechanically generated cannot be maintained as it will be almost neutralized by absorption of refrigerant vapour from the central space of each pumping chamber t t, 5. For this purpose and paramn on asthe absorbent, approximately Figs. 6 and '7. The air driven by the fan'is deall rotatably mounted, a counterweightedpipe ing chambers. t

The refrigerant and the absorbent liquid are I preferably such that the machine is under only low internal pressure, so that the necessary increase of pressure of the liquor to the generator pressure canLbe effected by a small number of stages of centrifuging. Suitable refrigerants and absorbents for example are dichlorethylene and paraflin-oil or ethylchloride and fusel oil. For.

example with dichlorethylene as the refrigerant the pressuremay beOBatmospheIe absolute and the temperature +25" 0. m the absorber and chamber q, 0.1 atmosphere absolute and the temperature +36 C. in the first pumping chamber t,

0.5 atmosphere absolute and .the. temperat re The increase of pressure due to kinetic action in each of the scoop pipes r, u u" and n -will owing to loss by eddies be slightly less than the I an livered along and cooled by the surface of the evaporator drum n, and can be used in an air conditioning plant.

I claim: 1. In an entirely sealed absorption refrigerating machine, a generator, a condenser connected to said generator, an evaporator connected to said condenser, an absorber connected to said evaporator, and a liquor pump connected between said absorber and said generator, all rotatably mounted, 'aud counterweighted means within and rendering said pump effective on rotation of said machine.

2. In an entirely sealed absorption refrigerating machine, a generator, a condenser connected to said generator, an evaporator connected to said condenser, an absorber connected to said evaporator, and a multi-stage' centrifugal liquor:

presenting a scoop end opposed to the direction of rotation rotatably mounted within each of said cylindrical chambers and extending from the peripheral to the axial region thereof, and a pipe within and rotating with and extending from the axial towards the peripheral region of each succeeding cylindrical chamber and communicat v ing with the counterweighted scoop ended pipe of the, preceding cylindrical chamber, said absorber being connected to the first of said series 7 2.0 .+47 C. in the second pumping chamber t. 0.6 atmosphere absolute and the temperature +58 C. ingthe third pumping chamber t and 0.65- at- 1 mosphere absolute and the temperature of ebullition of +8090, in the generator d, the weak 25. liquor leaving the generator at C.

of cylindrical chambers and said generator to the scoop-ended pipe of the last thereof.

4., In an entirely sealed absorption refrigerating machine, a generator, a condenser connected to said generator, an evaporator connected to said condenser, a cylindrical absorber connected to said evaporator, and a liquor pump rendered efiective by counterweight and connected between said absorber and said generator, all rotatably mounted, a plurality of concentric annular series of open-ended tubes extending through said cylindrical absorber, and wire gauze cylinders supported by said .annular series 01' tubes.

5. In an entirely sealed absorption refrigerating machine, a generator, a condenser connected to said generator, an evaporator connected to said condenser, a cylindrical absorber connected to said evaporator, and a liquor pump rendered effective by counterweight and connected between said absorber and said generator, all rotatably mounted, a plurality of concentric annular series of open-ended tubes extending through said cylindrical absorber, wire gauze cylinders supported within said cylindrical absorber by said annular series of tubes, and fan blades mounted alongside said cylindrical absorber and drawing air through said open-ended tubes on rotation of said machine.

6. In an entirely sealed absorption refrigerating machine. a generator, a condenser connected to said generator, a cylindrical evaporator connected to said condenser, an absorber connected to-said evaporator, and a liquor pump rendered effective by counterweight and connected between said absorber and said generator, all rotatably mounted, and a chamber enclosing said cylindrical evaporator and containing liquid contacting therewith. i

7. In an entirely sealed absorption refrigerating machine, a generator, a condenser connected to said generator, a narrow cylindrical evaporator connected to said condenser, an absorber connected to said evaporator, and a liquor pump renderedeflective by counterweight and connected between said absorber and said generator, all rotatably mounted, and fan blades on said narrow cylindrical evaporator.

8. In an entirely, sealed absorption refrigerating machine, a cylindrical generator, a condenser, an evaporator connected to said condenser, an

absorber connected to said evaporator, and a liquor pump rendered effective by. counterweight and connected between said absorber and said generator, all rotatably mounted, a pipe interconnecting said generator and said condenser and extending from the peripheral region of said gen- 

